THE FALL OF AN ASTEROID
One of the possible events which triggered the chain reaction in an unstable environment and caused a catastrophe of unspoken proportions was the fall of an asteroid. This possibility is indicated by huge caves in the  Tyrrhenian Sea or Ionian Sea not far from the Gulf of Taranto and is also supported by a story about the fall of an asteroid which was told to Solon by a priest from Sais: »There is a story, which even you have preserved, that once upon a time Paethon, the son of Helios, having yoked the steeds in his father’s chariot, because he was not able to drive them in the path of his father, burnt up all that was upon the earth, and was himself destroyed by a thunderbolt …« And he explained: »Now this has the form of a myth, but really signifies a declination of the bodies moving in the heavens around the earth, and a great conflagration of things upon the earth, which recurs after long intervals.« After the asteroid falling and the heat wave which followed, the most energy was released in the form of tsunamis, extremely high waves. The sinking and devastation were accompanied by destructive earthquakes. Parts of the Adriatic micro plate broke off and sank. The areas of land and sea changed throughout centuries after the cataclysm. Thick clouds of dust and ashes in the highest layers of the atmosphere created all necessary conditions for extreme climatic changes and cooling. Judging from the geological periods and time stated by the priests from Sais, the cataclysm occurred around 8500 BC. This period belongs to the cold Paleolithic and the beginning of the Holocene epoch with the Mesolithic Age when the climate finally stabilized.


THE KINGDOM OF ATLANTIS
The epoch of Atlantis started when it was awarded to one of the »gods«, Poseidon. The island boasted natural resources and beauty, later also urban towns and an imposingly built metropolis, the royal city. Part of the metropolis with the temple of Poseidon and the royal palace of Atlant, the oldest Poseidon’s son, was surrounded by three concentric sea channels. Inhabitants of Atlantis raised walls around the channels and »placed towers and gates on the bridges where the sea passed in«. The kingdom of Atlantis encompassed the Balkan Peninsula (Greek regions and the Dinarides) and the Apennine Peninsula up to Tyrrhenia (named Tuscany today) and reached down to Malta and Crete in the south. This territory of the kingdom »was greater in extent than Libya and Asia«. The period of expansion in the Mediterranean was marked by the conflicts and wars between the forces of Atlantis and ancient Athenians, who were much like the Atlanteans the descendants of »the fairest and noblest race of men which ever lived«. Plato indirectly speaks about the law-abiding kings of Atlantis and their divine nature which gradually disappeared by procreating with mortals. Due to genetic identity and co-dependency of mortals and immortals, the number of human elements in the »god’s« seeds increased. The final situation on Atlantis was represented by »the domination of the human ethos« and the beginning of wars for the throne, such as the battle with ancient Athenians. Critias speaks about the military force of kings »which unprovoked made an expedition against the whole of Europe and Asia, and to which your city put an end. This power came forth out of the Atlantic Sea, for in those days the Atlantic was navigable«. During the wars »there occurred violent earthquakes and floods; and in a single day and night of misfortune all your warlike men in a body sank into the earth, and the island of Atlantis in like manner disappeared in the depths of the sea«. Solon also heard that »there was a time, before the great deluge of all, when the city which now is Athens was first in war and in every way the best governed of all cities, is said to have performed the noblest deeds and to have had the fairest constitution of any of which tradition tells, under the face of heaven …«


ATLANTIS AND THE ADRIATIC BASIN
There are interesting similarities between Critias’ statements about Atlantis and the characteristics of the Adriatic Basin: In Solon’s era the phrase »the city which now is Athens« referred to parts of Greece, Dalmatia, southern Italy and Albania.

Critias spoke about a plateau which »was for the most part rectangular and oblong, and where falling out of the straight line followed the circular ditch«. The Adriatic Basin (the Adriatic plain) actually has a form of a rectangle whose opposite sides go from north to south and from west to east.The Atlanteans used stone for building: »one kind was white, another black, and a third red«. White and black stone is still quarried on Island Brač (Croatia) and red stone in the Bay of Kotor (Montenegro).
»There was an abundance of wood for carpenter's work, and sufficient maintenance for tame and wild animals. Moreover, there were a great number of elephants in the island.« The remnants of elephant skeletons have been found in central and southern Italy as well as on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea close to Island Pag and Dramlje near the town of Crikvenica (Croatia). The skeletons date back to the Pleistocene, more than 9000 years before Hannibal’s march with elephants to Rome.
The Atlanteans dug and melted ores as well as mined and used orichalcum or brass – a copper-zinc alloy. The territory along the Adriatic Basin is rich in ores and minerals, including copper and zinc. There are many forests as well as rivers and cold- and thermal water springs.
In the vicinity of the sunken island, there are unique inland seas on Mljet (Croatia), the island of underground dwellings, caves and mud-lakes. Up until 9000 BC the inland seas contained fresh water.
Jabuka and Brusnik are two of the 1185 islands in the Adriatic Sea which were formed when lava flow reached the sea. Along with Island Palagruža, which is of partial volcanic origin, they form the »Adriatic volcanic triangle«.

                                      

 

Stećaks are formally regarded as tombstones which mark the medieval culture, yet they are very unusual and mysterious and not sufficiently explained and explored.There are 69,356 stećaks recorded on 3,162 locations. Most of them, 59,593 or 86 per cent, are in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Because their number is so high, they are associated with the Bosnian Church and the medieval state of Bosnia. But even though stećaks were mainly used for the graves of members of the Bosnian Church, it is strange that not even one »djed« – the highest priest in the hierarchy of this church – was found buried under one of the stećaks.

Critias speaks about the city and the environs of the ancient palace nearly in the words of Solon »and now I must endeavour to represent the nature and arrangement of the rest of the land. The whole country was said by him to be very lofty and precipitous on the side of the sea, but the country immediately about and surrounding the city was a level plain, itself surrounded by mountains which descended towards the sea; it was smooth and even, and of an oblong shape, extending in one direction three thousand stadia, but across the centre inland it was two thousand stadia. This part of the island looked towards the south, and was sheltered from the north. The surrounding mountains were celebrated for their number and size and beauty, far beyond any which still exist, having in them also many wealthy villages of country folk, and rivers, and lakes, and meadows supplying food enough for every animal, wild or tame, and much wood of various sorts, abundant for each and every kind of work«.

 

Since the Arrival of the Upright Man
The first upright man, the common ancestor of all people lived in areas of Africa more than 1.5 million years ago. He was a man of the hominin tribe and by genus a Homo erectus. Descendants and later generations of Homo erectus settled gradually, apart from Africa, in areas of Europe and Asia, where they evolved through a number of species and subspecies, from Homo antecessora, Heidelberg, Rhodesian and Beijing man to Neanderthals, Cro-Magnon, etc. The human species Homo sapiens appears in one continuous development of vertical men, becoming more distinct and separated by habitat, their geographic area. It is primarily on the African, European (Mediterranean) and the Asian pool and a time frame between 200,000 - 70,000 years ago that this happened. Thus, starting with Homo erectus, a common African ancestor, ancestors of archaic and modern humans in Europe were the Homo anteccesor, Heidelberg man and the Neanderthal, and the ancestors of modern humans in Asia were Homo georgicus the Peking Man, and in Africa, Homo ergaster, Homo gautengensis, Homo rhodensiensis and the African type of the Heidelberg man. Their common ancestor, Homo erectus evolved from the Homo habilis species, whose ancestors have been in the genus Australopithecus africanus, one of transitional forms in the development of hominids...

                                                    Since the Arrival of the Upright Man (.pdf 171KB)

The Unknown Era of the Megalith
Just as we do today, so have generations of descendants of megalithic builders wondered about the monumental and mysterious megalithic buildings. In the old traditions and beliefs, megalithic builders have acquired increasing features of people with supernatural, almost divine powers and abilities. So it is not unusual that these same megalithic builders were recognized as characters in a number of mythological motifs that are honored and invoked in the rites and rituals. When the construction sites of megaliths - especially on European soil – are shown on the ancient Greek world maps, ones from times of Home, Hesiod and Hecataeus, interesting details can be observed. Where some of the oldest and most magnificent megalithic monuments are, the old Greek charts are showing them as elision and happy paradise islands in the outer ocean or as a temporary residence of the deceased and the demigods and gods. The area west of Sicily to the mouth of the river and the islands of Corsica and Sardinia are places where Cyclops, satyrs, centaurs, Lamia, Scylla and Charybdis lived... Strange creatures, half-human and half-animal which Odysseus encountered sailing lost in the seas.
About the divine and divinity in the superhuman megalithic builders remain myths and legends to be told. About the ability of these same people in some different exceptional circumstances on Earth, thousands of megalithic buildings and structures are telling the tale. One of the megalithic builders could be renamed as Hercules, who not only set but replaced its monumental pillars...

                                                      The Unknown Era of the Megalith (.pdf 199KB)

On principles of consciousness - A novel hypothesis
Based on studies of activities in the diencephalon, the reticular formation and the workspace of the thalamus and the hippocampus, it is important to accentuate the role of the latter as a pacemaker in creating thalamic activity and activation waves. The appearance of waves, synchronous oscillations and rhythmic activities in reticular-thalamic and limbic system lead to the majority of cortical activations. In addition, the role of myelin and myelin proteins in a cognitive model of conscious processes is perceived in a completely different light. Myelin is essential for normal functioning of the nerve fibers and crucial for activities and activations in the central nervous system - CNS. Understanding the thalamic-limbic activity and the thalamic dopaminergic system, the role of myelin and the relatively high content of myelin in the thalamic activation and processing system (in the thalamus, the hippocampus and basal ganglia) as  the correlates of consciousness, is certainly a beginning for understanding the principles of consciousness...

                                                     Hypothesis - On Principles of Consciousness (.pdf 696KB)